Concussions

A concussion is a brain injury caused by a sudden hit, bump or jolt to the head, face, neck or somewhere else on the body. The impact can prevent the brain from working normally. Concussions can happen from many different activities such as falls, tripping, slipping, sports, assaults, motor vehicle collisions, or being struck by an object. While a concussion is an invisible injury that cannot be seen on X-rays, CT scans or MRI’s, you or your child should promptly be evaluated by a doctor or nurse practitioner if a concussion is suspected.

Symptoms of a Concussion

Symptoms can be physical, emotional/behavioral, cognitive and/or sleep related. They may include:

  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea
  • Sensitivity to light/noise
  • Difficulty concentrating
  • Anxiety/Depression
  • Fatigue
  • Most people recover within 30 days but for some it can take longer. It can also take longer if you are between 5 and 18 years old

Red Flag Symptoms  

The following symptoms require a call to 911:

  • Loss of consciousness  
  • Seizure or convulsions
  • Vomiting more than once  
  • Deteriorating conscious state  
  • Neck pain
  • Severe or increasing headache  
  • Trouble with vision  
  • Slurred speech  
  • Very tired or lethargic  
  • Weakness or tingling in arms or legs/unsteady/paralysis  
  • Increasingly restless, agitated or combative  
  • Growing confusion

Post Concussion Management

Children and youth are at higher risk of developing mental health issues after a concussion; however, it can happen to anyone. Early intervention and management of stress and emotions can help reduce the risk of persistent symptoms and poor mental health outcomes.

It is important to engage in activities of daily living (e.g. light walking, social interactions, helping with meal preparation) and relative rest for the first 24-48hrs after which you should gradually return to regular activities depending on individual tolerances.

Returning to Work, School or Sports

“It is common for symptoms to worsen mildly and briefly with activity, as you move through the return to school/sport/work steps” (Parachute, 2024). You do not need to be completely symptom free to return to school/sports or work however accommodations can be put into place to ease the transition. If worsening symptoms persist longer than 1-hour, you should stop, adapt the activity and seek medical advice.

Related Resources

External Resources